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Source: Wikipedia
| Calligrapha | |
|---|---|
| |
| Calligrapha spiraeae | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Infraorder: | Cucujiformia |
| Family: | Chrysomelidae |
| Subfamily: | Chrysomelinae |
| Tribe: | Chrysomelini |
| Genus: | Calligrapha Chevrolat, 1836 |
| Type species | |
| Chrysomela polyspila[1] Germar, 1821
| |
| Subgenera[4] | |
| Synonyms[4] | |
| |
Calligrapha is a large genus of American Chrysomelinae (a subfamily of leaf beetles), with over 100 species occurring from North America through Central America.[4]
Biology
[edit]Some members of the subgenus Zygogramma are agricultural pests, while others are used as biological control agents. Calligrapha exclamationis is a pest species of sunflower crops in North America.[5] At least two species have also been used as a form of biological pest control: Calligrapha bicolorata was introduced to India as a biocontrol agent for the weed Parthenium hysterophorus,[6] and Calligrapha suturalis was introduced to Russia as a control for Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed).[7]
Selected species
[edit]Subgenus Calligrapha (Bidensomela) Monrós, 1955
[edit]- Calligrapha androwi S. Clark & Cavey, 1995
- Calligrapha bidenticola Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha californica Linell, 1896
- Calligrapha incisa (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha praecelsis (Rogers, 1856)
Subgenus Calligrapha (Calligramma) Monrós, 1955
[edit]- Calligrapha cephalanthi (Schwarz, 1878)
Subgenus Calligrapha (Calligrapha) Chevrolat, 1836
[edit]- Calligrapha aeneopicta Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha alni Schaeffer, 1928
- Calligrapha alnicola Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha amator Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha amelia Knab, 1909
- Calligrapha anabelae Gómez-Zurita, 2015
- Calligrapha ancoralis Stal, 1860
- Calligrapha apicalis Notman, 1919
- Calligrapha argus Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha barda (Say, 1835)
- Calligrapha billbergi Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha catarinae Gómez-Zurita, 2015
- Calligrapha confluens Schaeffer, 1928
- Calligrapha consputa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha discrepans (Achard, 1923)
- Calligrapha dislocata (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha diversa Stal, 1859
- Calligrapha dolosa Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha elegantula Jacoby, 1877
- Calligrapha eupatris Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha felina Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha floridana Schaeffer, 1934
- Calligrapha fulvipes (Gistel, 1848)
- Calligrapha geographica Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha ignota Brown, 1940
- Calligrapha knabi Brown, 1940
- Calligrapha matronalis Erichson, 1847
- Calligrapha mexicana Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha multiguttata Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha multiplagata (Achard, 1923)
- Calligrapha multipunctata (Say, 1824)
- Calligrapha multipustulata Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha ostryae Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha pantherina Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha panzoensis Bechyné, 1952
- Calligrapha pavimentata Gómez-Zurita, 2016
- Calligrapha philadelphica (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Calligrapha pnirsa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha polyspila (Germar, 1821)
- Calligrapha pruni Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha rhoda Knab, 1909
- Calligrapha ramulifera Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha rowena Knab, 1909
- Calligrapha sallei (Achard, 1923)
- Calligrapha scalaris (J.E. LeConte, 1824)
- Calligrapha serpens Bowditch, 1911
- Calligrapha serpentina (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha sigmoidea (J.L. LeConte, 1859)
- Calligrapha simillima Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha spiraeae (Say, 1826)
- Calligrapha stillatipennis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha suturella Schaeffer, 1933[8]
- Calligrapha sylvia (Stål, 1860)
- Calligrapha tiliae Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha verrucosa (Suffrian, 1858)
- Calligrapha vicina Schaeffer, 1933
- Calligrapha vigintimaculata (Chevrolat, 1833)
- Calligrapha virginea Brown, 1945
- Calligrapha zapoteca Gómez-Zurita, 2016
Subgenus Calligrapha (Erythrographa) Gómez-Zurita, 2018
[edit]- Calligrapha aladina Bechyné, 1954
- Calligrapha femorata Jacoby, 1891
- Calligrapha gyllenhali Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha intermedia Jacoby, 1882
- Calligrapha labyrinthica Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha limbaticollis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha notatipennis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha suboculata Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha suffriani Jacoby, 1882
- Calligrapha synthesys Gómez-Zurita, 2018
- Calligrapha thermalis Gómez-Zurita, 2013
- Calligrapha tortilis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha wickhami Bowditch, 1911
Subgenus Calligrapha (Graphicallo) Gómez-Zurita, 2018
[edit]- Calligrapha lunata (Fabricius, 1787)
Subgenus Calligrapha (Zygogramma) Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836
[edit]- Calligrapha aeneovittata Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha amanda Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha arcuigera Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha arizonica (Schaeffer, 1906)
- Calligrapha bicolorata (Pallister, 1953)
- Calligrapha bigenea Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha championi (Jacoby, 1879)
- Calligrapha clathrata (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha clavareaui (Bowditch, 1911)
- Calligrapha conjuncta (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha continua (J.L. LeConte, 1868)
- Calligrapha decempustulata (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha disrupta (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha dulcis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha durangoensis (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha elongatula (Achard, 1924)
- Calligrapha esperanza (Bechyné, 1952)
- Calligrapha estriata (Schaeffer, 1920)
- Calligrapha exclamationis (Fabricius, 1798)
- Calligrapha fulvitarsis Jacoby, 1891
- Calligrapha gracilis (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha guttaticollis Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha guttulosa Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha heterothecae (Linell, 1896)
- Calligrapha hypocrita (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha jaliscensis (Bechyné, 1952)
- Calligrapha lemur Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha lentiginosa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha lepidula Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha maculicollis (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha magica Stål, 1859
- Calligrapha malvae (Stål, 1859)
- Calligrapha militaris (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha mniszechi Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha morbillosa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha neomexicana (Clark, Douglas, & Cavan, 2024)
- Calligrapha nicaraguensis (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha obscurofasciata (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha opifera (Stål, 1860)
- Calligrapha ornata (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha pallida (Bland, 1864)
- Calligrapha piceicollis (Stål, 1859)
- Calligrapha popa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha pustulosa Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha quenseli Stål, 1860
- Calligrapha quinquevirgata Stål. 1859
- Calligrapha signatipennis (Stål, 1859)
- Calligrapha stali (Jacoby, 1882)
- Calligrapha suturalis (Fabricius, 1775)
- Calligrapha thoracica (Jacoby, 1891)
- Calligrapha tortuosa (Rogers, 1856)
- Calligrapha tricolorata (Pallister, 1953)
- Calligrapha violaceomaculata Jacoby, 1878
Gallery
[edit]-
Calligrapha sp. -
Calligrapha aeneovittata, México -
Calligrapha aladina, México -
Calligrapha amator -
Calligrapha anabelae, México -
Calligrapha ancoralis, Arizona -
Calligrapha argus, Panamá -
Calligrapha arizonica, Arizona -
Calligrapha barda, México -
Calligrapha bigenera, Costa Rica -
Calligrapha confluens, Canada -
Calligrapha discrepans, México -
Calligrapha elegantula, Costa Rica -
Calligrapha eupatris, México -
Calligrapha felina, México -
Calligrapha fulvipes, Guatemala -
Calligrapha guttulosa, Nicaragua -
Calligrapha gyllenhali, México -
Calligrapha heterothecae, Texas -
Calligrapha intermedia, México -
Calligrapha knabi, Canada -
Calligrapha matronalis, Bolivia -
Calligrapha mexicana, México -
Calligrapha multiplagata, Argentina -
Calligrapha multipustulata, México -
Calligrapha opifera, México -
Calligrapha philadelphica -
Calligrapha pnirsa, Canada -
Calligrapha polyspila, Brasil -
Calligrapha pruni, Illinois -
Calligrapha rhoda, Massachusetts -
Calligrapha spiraeae, West Virginia -
Calligrapha sylvia, México -
Calligrapha violaceomaculata, Costa Rica
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References
[edit]- ^ Bousquet, Yves; Bouchard, Patrice (2013). "The genera in the second catalogue (1833–1836) of Dejean's Coleoptera collection". ZooKeys (282): 1–219. Bibcode:2013ZooK..282....1B. doi:10.3897/zookeys.282.4401. PMC 3677338. PMID 23794836.
- ^ a b c d Monrós, F. (1955). "On some new genera of nearctic Chrysomelinae (Chrysomelidae)". The Coleopterists Bulletin. 9 (4): 53–60. JSTOR 3998693.
- ^ Gómez-Zurita, J. (2018). "Systematic revision of Central American Calligrapha Chevrolat of the subgenus Erythrographa subgen. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae)". Zootaxa. 4531 (1): 1–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4531.1.1. PMID 30651449. S2CID 58565394.
- ^ a b c Shawn M. Clark, Hume B. Douglas, Daniel J. Cavan (2024) Notes on Calligrapha Chevrolat (subgenus Zygogramma Chevrolat) and Tritaenia Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 78(2): 281-295.
- ^ Knodel, Janet J.; Laurence D. Charlet; Phillip A. Glogoza (2000). "Biology and Pest Management of the Sunflower Beetle in North Dakota". North Dakota State University. hdl:10365/4799. Retrieved 2017-02-17.
- ^ "Zygogramma bicolorata (Mexican beetle)". Invasive Species Compendium. 2012. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
- ^ Kovalev, O.V.; Reznik, S.Ya.; Cherkashin, V.N. (1983). "Specific features of the methods of using Zygogramma Chevr. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in biological control of ragweeds (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., A. psilostachya D.C.)". Entomologicheskoe Obozrenije (in Russian). 62: 402–408.
- ^ Gómez-Zurita, J.; Vogler, A.P.; Funk, D.J. (2004). "Diagnosing an overlooked North American taxon: biological observations and mitochondrial insights on Calligrapha suturella Schaeffer, 1933 new status (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 97 (1): 28–36. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2004)097[0028:DAONAT]2.0.CO;2.
External links
[edit]- Images of some Calligrapha species at BugGuide.net
Data related to Calligrapha at Wikispecies
