Trichoglossum sp.
Trichoglossum sp.: https://marylandbiodiversity.org/species/19525
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GAALWAFRCLMOHOBABCHACEPGAACVCHSMKEQACNTADOWISOWO

Description

Spore examination is necessary to identify any of our black earth tongues to species. One can usually distinguish the two genera via examination of the fruiting bodies with a hand lens. Without careful examination, they are best placed as Geoglossum/Trichoglossum species. Sometimes a crisp photo may reveal hairiness (Trichogloosum) or there may be instances in which one can see pieces of detritus stuck to the stalk or head, which would be a pretty good indication of the sticky Geoglossum. (J. Solem, pers. comm.) Geoglossum: Smooth to finely pubescent, usually sticky to glutinous. Trichoglossum: Velvety, usually dry.

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Source: Wikipedia

Trichoglossum
Trichoglossum hirsutum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Geoglossomycetes
Order: Geoglossales
Family: Geoglossaceae
Genus: Trichoglossum
Boud. (1885)
Type species
Trichoglossum hirsutum
(Pers.) Boud. (1907)

Trichoglossum is a genus of fungi in the family Geoglossaceae. They are commonly called hairy earth tongues. The type species is Trichoglossum hirsutum.[1]

Members of the genus Trichoglossum have tiny hairs known as setae on the spore bearing surface. The related genus Geoglossum lacks hairs on the spore bearing surface.

History

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The genus Trichoglossum was created by Émile Boudier,[2] who constructed the new genus to include species of Geoglossum bearing prominent setae. Numerous authors have examined this genus since its creation,[3][4][5] with many new species and varieties described. Index Fungorum currently lists 47 names, including forms and varieties, while Kirk et al. (2008)[6] acknowledge 19 species. Published molecular phylogenetic research also supports the genus as a well-supported clade.[7][8][9]

Location

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Trichoglossum species are found in woodlands in North America and Europe, as well as Asia,[4] Australasia,[10] India,[11] and South America.[12][13]

  • Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x phase contrast
    Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x phase contrast
  • Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x brightfield
    Trichoglossum hirsutum spores 400x brightfield

Species

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References

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  1. ^ "Index Fungorum - Trichoglossum Genus".
  2. ^ Boudier, É. (1885). "Nouvelle classification naturelle des Discomycetese charnus connus generalement sous le nom de Pezizales". Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France. 1: 91–120.
  3. ^ Durand, E.J. (1908). "The Geoglossaceae of North America". Annales Mycologici. 6: 387–477. OCLC 1481332.
  4. ^ a b Imai, S. (1941). "Geoglossaceae Japoniae". Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 45. Hokkaido Imperial University: 155–264.
  5. ^ Mains, E.B. (1954). "North American Species of Geoglossum and Trichoglossum". Mycologia. 46 (5): 586–631. doi:10.1080/00275514.1954.12024398. JSTOR 4547871.
  6. ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CAB International. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
  7. ^ Sandnes, A.C.S. (2006). Phylogenetic relationships among species and genera of Geoglossaceae (Helotiales) based on ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences (Masters). University of Oslo.
  8. ^ Schoch CL, Wang Z, Townsend JP, Spatafora JW (2009). "Geoglossomycetes cl. nov., Geoglossales ord. nov. and taxa above class rank in the Ascomycota Tree of Life". Persoonia. 22: 129–38. doi:10.3767/003158509X461486. PMC 2776753. PMID 19915689.
  9. ^ Hustad VP, Miller AN, Moingeon JM, Priou JP (2011). "Inclusion of Nothomitra in Geoglossomycetes". Mycosphere. 2 (6): 646–654. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/2/6/5.
  10. ^ Spooner BM (1987). "Helotiales of Australasia: Geoglossaceae, Orbiliaceae, Sclerotiniaceae, Hyaloscyphaceae". Bibliotheca Mycologica. 116: 1–711. ISSN 0067-8066. Maas Geesteranus RA (1965). "Geoglossaceae of India and Adjacent Countries". Persoonia. 4 (1): 19–46. ISSN 0031-5850. oai:ARNO:532470.
  11. ^ Maas Geesteranus, RA (1965). "Geoglossaceae of India and Adjacent Countries". Persoonia. 4 (1): 19–46.
  12. ^ Gamundi I (1979). "Subantarctic Geoglossaceae II". Sydowia. 32: 86–98. ISSN 0082-0598.
  13. ^ Hladki AI, Romero AI (2009). "La familia Geoglossaceae s. str. (Helotiales) en la provincia de Tucumán (Argentina)". Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica. 44 (3–4): 249–255. ISSN 1851-2372.
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